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Beyond the Burg: Gambling addictions increase among students

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A new study shows gambling addiction among college students is on the rise at American universities.

In a report issued Friday, the Task Force on College Gambling Policies suggested that administrations focus too much on fighting substance abuse by students, essentially ignoring other addictions and disorders.

“In general on college campuses, it’s something that’s been off the radar because it’s much easier hiding gambling problems than hiding problems with drugs or alcohol,” task force member Kristy Wanner said to the New York Times.

According to data collected by the Cambridge Health Alliance, which funded the task force, nearly 50 percent of college students placed at least one wager last year, and 11 percent qualify as gambling addicts. However, only 22 percent of universities nationwide have official policies regarding on-campus betting.

“If sororities or fraternities want to have a casino night, you have to wonder, ‘What kind of consistent message does it send?’” Director of the Institute for Research on Gambling Disorders Christine Reilly said to the New York Times.

Some universities periodically address the issue of student gambling, but those discussions occur irregularly throughout the semester and are quickly forgotten.

“[The gambling discussion] was a flash in the pan, we haven’t heard anything about it since,” University of Alabama student Shannon Shorr said. “I definitely think it should be addressed.”

Shorr, a professional poker player, said popular culture and increased exposure of professional gambling have led many students into harmful gambling behavior.

“What people don’t realize is that there are very few people in my industry who are actually making money,” Shorr said. “I’ve seen friends run up big debts playing. I don’t advise it to anyone.”

To combat the increase in risky behaviors, the task force encouraged colleges to establish gambling policies, begin gambling awareness campaigns and talk about gambling addiction in the same manner as substance abuse.

“It has been really hard to get people to look at the data and say this is something that is a problem and is happening,” Wanner said to the New York Times. “Everything is much easier to access, whether it’s casinos, money or gambling online. We also want faster wealth, faster food, faster Internet access and faster means to get money, and some students see gambling as a way to get fast money.”

Football: Mistakes, turnovers doom Tribe to loss

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The no. 2 and no. 5 FCS teams in the country met Saturday night in Villanova, Pa., and the result was a mismatch on the stats sheet. Consider these numbers:

Team A ran 86 offensive plays, gained 472 total yards and 27 first downs. They racked up over 32 minutes of possession and went 10 for 19 on third down chances.

Team B managed only 283 yards and 15 first downs on 52 plays. That squad was able to convert only 3 of its 10 third down opportunities.

The two teams aren’t who you think. Team A is William and Mary, who fell to its first loss of the season. Team B is the Villanova Wildcats, who improved to 5-0 by thoroughly beating the Tribe 28-17. The College led in nearly every major statistical category, but spent nearly the entire game trailing by a significant margin.

The key? Mistakes.

“It’s pretty evident that when we were doing things right, we were fine,” Head Coach Jimmye Laycock said. “But when we were turning it over and committing penalties and things like that, we weren’t fine. I think ultimately that’s what did us in.”

With the exception of maybe five or six plays, Laycock’s Tribe would have rolled to a comfortable victory. Instead, the team cost itself repeatedly with key mistakes, and never seriously threatened the Wildcats’s lead after the first quarter.

For that reason, all the above-mentioned statistics can be thrown out for the three that really mattered in this game. The College committed 8 penalties for 75 yards — often at key junctures — and turned the ball over twice. They scored only 14 points despite being in the red-zone five times. Villanova had only 2 penalties for 15 yards and did not commit a turnover. The Wildcats scored a touchdown on each of their three red zone opportunities.

Nowhere was that disparity more evident than on a pair of plays late in the first quarter.

After the Wildcats jumped out to a quick 7-0 lead, the teams traded punts. On the Tribe’s second possession, senior quarterback R.J. Archer marched the offense quickly down the field to the Villanova eight-yard line. There, with the College threatening to tie the score, he was picked off in the end zone.
The Tribe defense stepped up and forced a fourth down almost immediately after senior cornerback Terrell Wells delivered a jolting hit to a Villanova wide receiver. But then, senior defensive end C.J. Herbert picked up an inexcusable 15-yard taunting penalty after the play was over. First down, Wildcats. Tribe momentum? Gone for good.

From there, Villanova drove the length of the field and scored a touchdown to go up 14-0. The College never came within a possession again.

There are clear positives that the Tribe can take from this game. Villanova might be the best team in the country, and a loss to the Wildcats on the road is certainly excusable. Furthermore, for the majority of the contest, the College actually outplayed Villanova, proving that from a talent standpoint, the squad belongs among the FCS elite.

But when two top teams meet, the game is almost always going to come down to a handful of plays that will decide the game. Villanova played mistake-free football Saturday and made sure that each of those decisive plays went their way.

Laycock will not be happy with the weekend’s result; but Tribe fans can be sure that he will make adjustments to cut down on those mistakes.

The College got a wake-up call this week. But a regular season contest at one of the best teams in the country is an ideal opportunity to learn something about your team and improve.

The Tribe has plenty of tough games remaining, but they will likely enter them mentally tougher than before.
The FCS is not the BCS, and a single loss does not ruin a season.

It certainly won’t ruin the College’s.

Women’s soccer: Dragons no match for re-focused Tribe

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William and Mary (9-3) came into the weekend having won its first two conference matches — an impressive start to its CAA season. However, as the Tribe learned over the weekend: it’s not how you start, it’s how you finish.

The Tribe split a pair of matches this weekend, defeating Drexel 1-0 Sunday after dropping Friday’s match against Delaware 1-0. The Tribe outshot the Dragons 26-4 Sunday, yet only tallied one goal, a header from freshman midfielder Cortlyn Bristol off a set-piece played into the box by junior back Kaitlin O’Connor in the 27th minute.

“I’m not usually in the plays to head the ball, so I figured I’d just follow in behind everyone,” Bristol said. “I saw it, stuck a head in there and hopefully tried to at least keep it in play.”

Aside from Bristol, the Tribe was unable to find the back of the net, despite putting 9 shots on goal. Freshman forward Erin Liberatore came the closest but was denied in the 26th minute
when her 10-yard volley hit the right post.

“Our finishing was awful,” Head Coach John Daly said. “I mean, we should have beaten this team by five goals with the chances we had.”

The Tribe has made a habit of keeping opposing teams in the match, having scored one goal or less 7 out of their last 10 matches. The pattern is often the same: The Tribe fails to put the ball in the net early, forcing junior goalkeeper Grace Barnard to have to come up with at least one close save later in the match.

Barnard’s save came in the 59th minute Sunday, when she dove to her left to stone Drexel midfielder Jourdan Halasz who had come free on a long ball played forward.

“We’ve just got to keep concentrating on working hard in midfield, and we have to do a better job of getting the ball in the box and finishing it,” Daly said.

The Tribe’s best scoring chance Friday versus Delaware came in the 86th minute on a free kick from junior back Kaitlin O’Connor. Directly in front of the box, 20 yards away from the goal, O’Connor sent the ball high to the center of the net, but Blue Hen keeper Annie Bevan punched the ball over the crossbar, ending the Tribe’s best scoring chance.

“I had one like that in the game last week, and [Daly] told me to hit the heck out of it because it’s not far out enough where it will be able to drop,” O’Connor said. “If I could have, I obviously would have gone a little to the right.”

The Blue Hens scored the game’s only goal four minutes into the match on a goal from Kasie Shover. The Tribe spent the rest of the match playing catch-up and missing on passes.

“We weren’t connecting. We just weren’t on the same page [Friday] and it is unfortunate,” O’Connor said.

The College begins a four-game road trip starting at Northeastern Friday night. The Huskies are 7-3-1 on the season and are currently ranked fifth in the CAA with a conference record of 2-1-1. Last season the Tribe beat Northeastern 3-2 after registering two second half goals to seal the comeback victory. The College will then travel to Hofstra for a Sunday afternoon contest.

Sports in Brief: October 6

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Field Hockey: College splits weekend CAA road contests, now 5-7

William and Mary (5-7, 1-2) took one out of two conference games this weekend, defeating Towson 2-0 Friday while dropping Sunday’s match-up versus Delaware 2-0. Sophomore defender Jen Harr and sophomore midfielder Kelsey Nawalinski each tallied a goal for the Tribe Friday, while sophomore goalkeeper Camilla Hill recorded the first shutout of her career. Sophomore Leah Zamesnik recorded an assist versus the Tigers for the Tribe.

Volleyball: Moloney leads Tribe past Dukes and Patriots

The Tribe (13-6, 2-2) defeated both James Madison and George Mason 3-2 last weekend thanks in large part to the efforts of freshman setter Jordyn Moloney. Moloney recorded double-digit dig numbers in both matches while also setting career highs in assists with 54 Saturday versus George Mason. Moloney set many of those balls for junior hitter Erin Skipper, who scored 23 kills in both matches to earn co-CAA Offensive Player of the Week honors.

Cross Country: Men finish second, women third at OSU Jamboree

The College took home top-three finishes in both men’s and women’s cross country last weekend at the OSU Cowboy Jamboree. The men’s squad, ranked 13th in the country, finished second with senior John Grey, junior Patterson Wilhelm and senior Colin Leak each finishing in the top-ten. The women’s team finished third, led by senior Emily Anderson who finished tenth with a time of 17:46.9. The team’s total score of 159 placed them ahead of 16th ranked Northern Arizona.

Volleyball: College goes on road, beats Dukes and Patriots

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After the Tribe dropped its conference opener last weekend, following three consecutive losses the week before, Head Coach Melissa Shelton gathered the squad for a team meeting.

“We readjusted and refocused on our goal – a CAA Tournament bid,” freshman middle Shaylin O’Connell said.

Over the weekend, with two matches against CAA-foes, James Madison and George Mason, the Tribe knew they had to bounce back.

“We wanted to show the conference that we’re in it to win it,” O’Connell said.

And that’s just what happened, as the College (9-7, 2-1 CAA) ended its losing streak by sweeping a pair of weekend matches.

The College began strong Friday evening at James Madison (6-13, 0-4 CAA), winning the first two sets 25-19 and 25-23, respectively. Then, the Dukes rallied to win a back-and-forth third set, 28-26. In the fourth set, the Tribe led for a majority of the set, but was unable to stave off a late 7-0 Dukes run, dropping the set 25-22.

In the fifth and decisive set, the determined Tribe came out to a 12-2 lead behind service from sophomore hitter Lindsay Kresch and freshman setter Jordyn Moloney. The College was able to cruise to a 15-5 victory after O’Connell notched the final kill, winning the match, 3-2.

Junior hitter Erin Skipper finished with a season high 23 kills for the Tribe, while only recording two errors. Moloney totaled 42 assists and 18 digs for the match and Kresch added 15 kills and nine digs. Senior libero Lindsey Pflugner, registered 26 digs and junior middle Ginny Bray scored a match-high six blocks.

The following night, the College looked to continue its success, this time against George Mason (13-3, 2-2 CAA). The Patriots began the contest taking the first set 25-15, holding the Tribe to a sub-zero attack percentage. Then, the College countered, winning a close second set, 26-24, and powering to an easy third set victory, 25-18, holding the host school to a mere six kills.

The Patriots battled back in the fourth set to win 25-22, setting up a tie-breaking set. In the fifth set, the two squads accounted for seven ties and multiple lead changes, the final one during a 7-3 run that clinched the set and match for the Tribe.

Skipper amassed 23 kills for the second match in a row, while Moloney recorded her second double-double of the weekend, with 13 digs and a career-high 54 assists. Kresch also had a double-double, with 13 kills and 12 digs. Senior hitters Lauren Powell and Bryana Carey accumulated 23 and 19 digs, respectively, and Pflugner added 20 digs in the winning effort.

The College, now tied for second in the CAA, will face Georgia State and UNC-Wilmington this weekend at the Kaplan Arena.

Men’s soccer: Patriots halt Tribe’s winning streak

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In a game riddled with fouls and missed calls, it was not a surprise that the better team did not win Saturday night. William and Mary (6-3, 1-1 CAA) out-shot, out-possessed and, for the majority of the match, outworked George Mason (7-2, 2-0 CAA), but when time expired it was the Patriots who emerged with the 1-0 victory at Albert-Daly Field.

“We expected them to be just like they were — to be good, to be physical,” junior midfielder Nat Baako said. “We played well, we just didn’t execute our chances well. We weren’t patient enough in front of the goal. They had one chance and that was it for them, really, and that was all they needed.”

Mason’s lone goal came in the 53rd minute. Ernesto Marquez snuck into the box unmarked and tapped in a low cross at the near post for the game’s only score. The Patriots relied on tough defense and physical play the rest of the way.

Marquez’s first goal of the year served as a wake-up call for the Tribe, which began the second half on its heels. The College recovered to register 11 second half shots, including junior forward Alan Koger’s challenge in the 88th minute that rang off the post before freshman midfielder Chris Perez pushed the rebound wide of an empty net.

“The response [to Marquez’s goal] was good,” Head Coach Chris Norris said. “We continue to go in a period at the beginning of the second half that [opposing teams] come out and outwork us. And it’s a shame, because I think for the majority of the game we were the better team.”

With Mason’s defense pushed back, the College had a large advantage in possession. However, the Patriots forced the play to the outside of the pitch and the Tribe struggled to find room in the center for quality chances without senior forward Andrew Hoxie, who left the game in the eighth minute due to injury.

Baako and Koger led the College with five and six shots, respectively. Baako’s best chance came in the 21st minute after his initial shot was denied before collecting the loose ball and drilling a waist-high attempt toward the net. The ball was blocked in the box by a Mason defender’s outstretched arm, but no handball was called.

The non-call was one of six unofficially tallied handballs by the Patriots, including two inside of the 18. In the game, there were a combined 34 fouls and two yellow cards.

“[The physical play] definitely affected the rhythm a little bit,” Baako said. “We love to move the ball around. The way they were playing physically, it made our rhythm a little bit off.”

The College finished the match with 19 of the game’s 31 shots and a 5-4 advantage in corner kicks. Junior goalie Andrew McAdams was strong when called upon, making four saves — three in the second half.

“I don’t think [the better team won],” Baako said. “I think we were the better team. The shots on goal, the possession of the ball shows that. We dominated the game. That’s soccer for you; it’s not always the better team wins.”

The Tribe returns to finish its three-game home swing Wednesday night when the team hosts Old Dominion at 7 p.m. at Albert-Daly Field.

GAME NOTES: Andrew Hoxie started in only nine of 21 games last season due to a groin injury … Andrew McAdams extended his streak of not allowing a first half goal to 11 games … The Tribe now holds a 22-15-5 all-time record against George Mason … The College recorded six of the game’s last seven shots.

Tribe falls 28-17 on road against Villanova

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Sometimes the statistics lie. William and Mary outgained Villanova by 189 yards Saturday evening. The fifth-ranked Tribe picked up 12 more first downs and possessed the ball for five more minutes than the Wildcats. But no. 2 Villanova came out on top in the only statistic that matters — the final score — with a 28-17 victory over the Tribe at Villanova Stadium.

William and Mary (4-1, 1-1 CAA) was unable to come away with touchdowns on four of five trips to the red zone, and the team was penalized eight times for 75 yards in a game that got off to an ominous start for the Tribe.

On the first play from scrimmage, a Villanova (5-0, 2-0 CAA) flea flicker resulted in a 57-yard touchdown. But while the play put the Tribe defense on its heels, an ill-advised unsportsmanlike conduct penalty on the team, committed after a third-down stop two possessions later, opened the floodgates for Villanova’s 21 first half points.

The play occurred on a third and nine from Villanova’s 21-yard line. The Wildcats ran an end-around looking for first-down yardage, but sophomore cornerback Terrell Wells was ready and delivered a bone-shattering hit on the Wildcat runner. Before the Tribe could exit the field, a flag for taunting was thrown.

“We had been preparing for that play throughout the entire week. They’ve gotten a lot of yards on those under routes, coming around the other sideline, and I was just sitting there waiting on it,” Wells said. “[The penalty was] a big change of momentum. It’s a little shock right there, but when you’re a good defense you have to just step up and turn things around.”

The Tribe was unable to do so. Villanova scored a touchdown six plays later to take a 14-0 lead. The Wildcats stretched the advantage to 21-9 by halftime.

Senior quarterback R.J. Archer, wearing a brace to protect his banged-up left knee, threw a school-record 55 times, completing 35 passes for 354 yards.

But Archer was unable to guide the Tribe into the end zone until late in the fourth quarter, when a four-yard pass to junior wideout Chase Hill gave the Tribe a touchdown after the game was all but decided.

The offense suffered two turnovers — the first on an end-zone interception on the Tribe’s first offensive possession — and Villanova turned both turnovers into touchdowns.

“They’re a good team, we knew that,” Head Coach Jimmye Laycock said. “But when you play a good team you better play pretty well, execute pretty well, and not make mistakes, and not get penalties and not turn it over and things like that. And we did that, so we’re on the short end of the stick.”

While the taunting penalty swung momentum in the first half, holding and personal foul penalties killed two second half drives for the Tribe.

“We were moving the ball when we weren’t shooting ourselves in the foot, putting ourselves in long-yardage situations,” Laycock said. “When we weren’t doing that, we were pretty good.”

The Tribe ran 86 plays from scrimmage, 34 more than Villanova, and gained 472 total yards. Yet the team struggled inside the 20-yard line on both sides of the ball. While the offensive was unable to punch the ball in for scores, the Tribe’s defense yielded red zone touchdowns on each of Villanova’s three trips inside the 20 yard line.

“We prepared this week, and they came out and executed everything that they do, and they did it well today,” Wells said. “We just weren’t on top of our game.”

The Tribe returns to action next week when the College travels to Boston, Mass. to take on the 0-5 Northeastern Huskies. Senior defensive tackle Sean Lissemore said the team would put Saturday’s game behind them.

“We’ve just got to go 1-0 every week,” Lissemore said. “We’ve got to approach it like it’s a clean slate, that’s it.”

Williamsburg’s Stein Mart reopens

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The Williamsburg franchise of Stein Mart, located at the Williamsburg Shopping Center, officially reopened yesterday morning with a ribbon-cutting ceremony that started off a weekend-long celebration.

The store was closed in late July due to flooding from fire sprinklers. The sprinklers were activated by smoke from the fire that devastated Sal’s by Victor.

“There was a river of water coming down the aisles,” Gail Harris, Stein Mart’s general manager, said to the Daily Press. “Every single piece of merchandise, including the jewelry, was covered and ruined by soot.”

According to City Fire Marshall James Humphrey, the sprinklers were the reason the fire didn’t spread from the restaurant to store.

Williamsburg Mayor Jeanne Zeidler, city council members and the members of the Williamsburg Fire Department who had stopped the fire from spreading were present at the ceremony.

Events marking the reopening of the store will continue throughout the weekend and will include a storytelling session as well as an opportunity to meet firefighters Saturday. A fashion show featuring students from the College of William and Mary will take place on both days.

Working with the Williamsburg Presbytarian Church, the store offered a shopping preview for two hours
Tuesday evening, charging $5 per person. The money raised from ticket sales was donated to the Lokoro Church in Democratic Congo to feed children.

Humphrey announced in a press conference last week that the fire was accidental.

Stein Mart is one of the last stores affected by the fire to reopen. The damaged portions of Sal’s and Hallmark are still being reconstructed.

Student Assembly passes bill to provide free STI testing

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In recent weeks, the Student Assembly has been working on an initiative to provide free sexually transmitted infection testing at the Student Health Center.

In its Tuesday meeting, the SA nailed down some of the finer details of the Student Health Act.

“A lot of us have been working with Vice President Ryan [Ruzic] to get this initiative to pass,” Sen. Ben Brown ’11 said.

The Student Health Act would spend 6.75 percent of the consolidated reserve, which is made up of surplus money from the student activities fee that every student pays at the beginning of each semester.

This would be a one-time expense — the SA hopes that the college will help finance STI testing in the future. Up to $13,000 from the SA’s consolidated reserve would be used to help provide testing for Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis and genital warts to students free of charge.

“At first we were thinking that $13,000 is … a lot of money,” Sen. Eric Scalzo JD ’11 said. “With that being said, we also just spent $8,000 on the flu vaccinations … We figured out it wasn’t a big chunk of money.”

Some senators were concerned that free testing will result in more students getting tested, draining funds faster than expected.

“Will there be an increase in the number of students that get tested? God, I hope so,” Vice President Ryan Ruzic J.D. ’11 said.

According to an e-mail sent by SA President Sarah Rojas Wednesday night. the bill is currently in effect.

“When it came down to it, it’s something that’s benefiting the student body as a whole,” Scalzo said.

The Honor Council Nominating Referendum was also passed in Tuesday’s meeting after several heated statements from members of the senate and honor council.

The referendum, which passed yesterday with 69 percent of the vote, appeared on the ballot asking whether the Honor Council Nominating Committee needs to reach a unanimous decision before preventing a student from running for election.

“No one came to us about changing our bylaws,” Honor Council Member Will Perkins ’11 said. “I see it as singling out the Honor Council.”

Sen. Jill Olszewski ’12 disagreed with Perkins’ comments.

“I don’t think there was anything done to insinuate hard feelings,” Olszewski said. “It’s a prime opportunity to put a referendum on the ballot.”

Olszewski was not alone.

“I think Jill’s made a good point about this being a unique opportunity,” Sen. Steven Nelson ’10 said. “There
won’t be another election for months. I think students deserve to have a say in it.”

The Honor Council maintained that it felt singled out by the referendum.

“It feels unfair … There are not questions about the inner workings of other organizations every week,”
Perkins said. “I believe we’ve been on your agenda every week so far. I think this referendum in question is not unfairly worded, but it will raise sentiment against us.”

Sen. Jim Dunleavey ’10 also agreed that the referendum singled out the Honor Council.

“Not working with the Honor Council on a question about the Honor Council strikes me as not right,” he said.

The referendum passed 10 votes to one, with six senators abstaining.

The SA also elected to spend $300 to help sponsor the fourth iRep Africa weekend. The event, sponsored by the African Cultural Society, includes guest speakers, a luncheon and a talent showcase.

The $300 will pay for an incoming dance troupe from Richmond, Va.

Events are set to take place Oct. 2 to 3.

The science that will save the world

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Imagine a nuclear physicist, an economist and a connoisseur of French culture are stranded on an island with only a one-person raft among them. Which discipline deserves to get off the island and save humanity?

The Eighth Annual Raft Debate, sponsored by the Arts and Sciences Office of Graduate Studies and Research, took place Wednesday evening in a packed Commonwealth Auditorium. Professors representing the sciences, the social sciences and the humanities, and a professor as a devil’s advocate, all received seven minutes to argue the intrinsic worth of their respective disciplines and were given three minutes of rebuttal.

Audience applause and cheers determined the winner of the event.

Although all the professors received hearty support, physics professor David Armstrong, who represented the natural and computational sciences, was finally awarded the grand prize of the raft for his humorous argument in favor of the sciences.

Armstrong explained that although the greatest mission of science is to advance technology to improve human life, it can also delve into the meaning of human existence.

“We now know that the nuclei of the carbon atoms that make up our bodies were born in the fiery explosion of a star going supernova,” Armstrong said. “We are all quite literally stardust, and what could be more poetic than that?”

Economic professor David Feldman, who represented the social science, faced an uphill battle after the recent global economic crisis.

“I’m tasked with defending the social sciences in the middle of the largest financial meltdown of the century,” Feldman said. “I feel like a guy in a 15-foot hole.”

Feldman explained that the social sciences use statistical tools to predict the future behavior of a society and can therefore aid in solving social and political problems.

“Are you interested in how changes in national trade affect our unskilled labor here and abroad? And how might those possible changes affect political coalitions and political structures in the world?” Feldman said.
“If you think these are important issues, welcome to the social sciences club.”

Giulia Pacini, a professor of French culture from the modern language and literature department who represented the humanities, began by berating her opponents’ disciplines.

“What is a scientist good for?” Pacini said. “To build a fancy probe to Mars that ends up in flames because the scientists forget to translate the English imperial system of measurement into the metric system. And what did the economists do at that point? They just complained that there was $125 million that went down the drain.”

After using props, including a fishing pole and a wine bottle, to belittle her opponents, Pacini explained the worth of the humanities.

“We are the ones that use art to imagine a better world that is more just and more beautiful, that brings joy to our life and more meaning,” Pacini said. “Can you imagine a world without spirituals, or Gospel music?
Without Picasso’s Guernica? No Bob Marley, no Bob Dylan, no Maya Angelou, no Toni Morrison? No Simpsons?”

The debate’s devil’s advocate, who agrees that none of the disciplines should be saved, was played by professor of education Jeremy Stoddard.

“I’m supposed to argue that perhaps the raft should go with no one on it,” Stoddard said. “And frankly, a nuclear physicist, an economist and someone who studies French culture — it’s the beginning of a bad joke really.”

Stoddard created a poster board for each professor that sarcastically summed up the usefulness of their disciplines. Because he is a nuclear physicist, Armstrong’s poster read “Greetings Mr. Ahmadinejad.”

The economist Feldman’s poster included a chart of unemployment rates going up while members of the government declared the recession “likely over.” Pacini’s sign took a stab at France with its graphic of “productivity” in French society rising with cases of STDs.

“You are all equally worthless,” Stoddard said.